We can study
simple molecules
to understand the physical phenomena of molecules in general.
The simplest molecule we can work with is the
ion.
It has two nuclei (A and B) sharing one electron (1).
The lowest energy wavefunction can be thought of as a (anti)symmetric linear combination of an
electron in the ground state near nucleus A and the ground state near nucleus B
The molecule is also simple and its energy can be computed with the help of the previous calculation.
The space symmetric state will be the ground state.
Molecules can rotate like classical rigid bodies subject to the constraint that angular
momentum is quantized in units of
.
Jim Branson 2013-04-22