We can determine the internal parity of the pion by studying pion capture by a deuteron,
The pion is known to have spin 0, the deuteron spin 1, and the neutron spin
.
The internal parity of the deuteron is +1.
The pion is captured by the deuteron from a 1S states, implying
in the initial state.
So the total angular momentum quantum number of the initial state is
.
So the parity of the initial state is
,
,
,
The only state with
is the
state, so
Jim Branson 2013-04-22